Astm Expert Witnesses

Tucson, Arizona

Biomechanics, Premises Liability - Slips, Trips, Falls, ADA, Biomechanics, Injury Causation, Slip-Resistance Testing (tribometers), Pedestrian Reconstruction, OSHA, ASTM, Code Compliance, Building Codes, Stairs, Walkways, Awareness, Visual Detection, Human Factors, Gait, Hazard Warnings, Walking

Dr. Lee-Confer is a biomechanical expert specializing in injury causation, human movement, and walkway safety. As Director of Biomechanics at Verum Biomechanics and Assistant Professor at the University of Arizona, he combines academic research with practical litigation support. His expertise spans: Slip, trip and fall biomechanics (injury biomechanics) Floor slip resistance testing (tribometers) Gait analysis and movement dynamics Code compliance (ASTM, ADA, IBC) Premises liability and safety standards A contributing author to ASTM F2508-16e, the standard for tribometer validation, Dr. Lee-Confer’s work directly informs measurement of walkway slip resistance—a key factor in many slip-and-fall cases. He also played an instrumental role in Arizona Senate Bill SB1373, advancing fall prevention measures. Dr. Lee-Confer holds a Ph.D. in Biomechanics from the University of Southern California, with specialized research in slip detection, motor control, cause of injury to anatomic...

Rochester Hills, Michigan

Athletics & Recreation, Risk Management - zip line, zipline accident, zipline braking, zipline brake system, zipline construction, zipline death, zipline safety, residential/backyard zipline, zipline standards, ANSI/ACCT Standards, aerial adventure course, aerial adventure course standards, ropes course, challenge course, climbing, ACCT, ASTM, NAARSO, ASTM F2959, zipline expert

Michael R. Smith is an industry-recognized expert in zip lines, challenge-course, and aerial-adventure-park design, operations, and risk management, with more than three decades of experience in the field. He is regularly retained by plaintiff and defense counsel to provide expert-witness services, accident investigations, and standards-compliance opinions under ASTM F2959, ANSI/ACCT, PRCA. and related industry standards. Mr. Smith is the principal of AdventureSmith, Inc., a consulting firm specializing in risk management, technical inspections, operational audits, staff training, and business development for adventure-tour operators. From 2009 to 2023, he also served as founder and managing partner of an award-winning zip line canopy tour and aerial adventure park operations in Vermont and Tennessee. He holds a B.A. in Wilderness Leadership from Prescott College (1998) and a Master’s in Training and Development from Oakland University (2004). Mr. Smith currently serves on the ...

Reno, Nevada

Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering - zipline engineering, zip lines, aerial adventure challenge courses, ASTM, structure fire repair design evaluation, NAARSO, ACCT, wood structures, amusement ride inspections, pre manufactured wood trusses, ASTM F2959, IBC wind snow seismic design

Jared A. Krupa is a principal engineer at K2 Engineering and Structural Design, LLC (K2). He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Civil Engineering from the University of Nevada, Reno, and Professional Engineering licenses in multiple US states. Jared started his structural engineering career in 1999 and has since advanced his profession into more specialized fields such as the amusement ride industry and design/analysis of buildings damaged by fire. Founded in February 2005, K2 is a medium-sized engineering firm located in Reno, Nevada, that focuses on the structural design of commercial buildings, residential homes, and amusement rides and attractions. K2 provides quality engineering services to architects, designers, owners, building contractors and developers with a focus on efficiency and constructability. K2’s staff has over 60 years of experience in the design of projects both large and small in Northern California, Northern Nevada and Lake Tahoe. K2’s expertise and ex...